Aryan tribes have spread across northern India and are establishing cities and states there.

The kingdom of Magadha is growing in power.

Magadha, now under the Nanda dynasty, has expanded dramatically, and western India has been conquered by the army of Alexander the Great.

Chandragupta Maurya seized the throne of Magadha from the last Nanda king, and conquered the whole of northern India.

The huge Maurya Empire is breaking up into numerous states.

The Mauryan dynasty has vanished completely, and India is divided into numerous kingdoms, large and small.

The Saka have conquered a huge empire in northern and central India.