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History of Ancient Rome 200BC to 500AD

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200BC
Ancient Rome 200BC

Ancient Rome
200BC

In the western Mediterranean, the city-state of Rome has expanded her power throughout Italy, and then fought two great wars with her formidable foe, Carthage. In the second struggle the brilliant Carthaginian general Hannibal came near to destroying the Roman domination of Italy, but Rome's allies remained largely loyal and the huge reservoir of Italian military manpower that Rome was able to call on enabled her to survive, and then go on to victory.

The Romans' victory has given them control of Carthage's former territories in Sicily, Sardinia, Corsica and Spain. Rome now effectively controls the entire western Mediterranean.

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For more history resources on The Roman Empire see our Interactive History Maps on The Rise of The Roman Empire and The Fall of the Roman Empire. And also see our history lesson plan to teach the History of the Ancient World


Ancient Rome 30BC »
 
  • Greece and the Balkans

    Greece and the Balkans

    The Greek city-states are buffeted by the great powers of the region

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  • Italy

    Italy

    The cities and tribes of central and southern Italy have come under the firm leadership of Rome

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  • France

    France

    The area of modern France is now dominated by the Celtic La Tene culture

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  • Spain and Portugal

    Spain and Portugal

    Carthaginian and Roman armies have contested much of Spain

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  • North Africa

    North Africa

    The city of Carthage has had its power weakened by Rome

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Ancient Rome 30BC

Ancient Rome
30BC

Rome now dominates the Mediterranean lands, but not before an orgy of civil wars between ambitious generals have convulsed the entire Mediterranean world.

This turmoil has now been ended (31 BC) by the first of the Roman emperors, Augustus, the adopted son of Rome's most famous general Julius Caesar. In all but name, he has replaced the old republic with a monarchy, concentrating effective (i.e. military) power in his own hands. Augustus' statesmanship has brought about peace and stability, which will hold for two centuries or more with only one brief intermission. With peace has come an increase in trade, and the Graeco-Roman cities of Europe and the Mediterranean have entered a phase of prosperity and expansion.

 

For more information about The Roman Empire see our Interactive History Maps on The Rise of The Roman Empire and The Fall of the Roman Empire.


« Ancient Rome 200BC | Ancient Rome 200AD »
 
  • Middle East

    Middle East

    The Middle East is now divided between the Roman and Parthian empires

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  • Anatolia

    Anatolia

    Asia Minor has fallen under the power of Rome.

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  • Syria

    Syria

    Syria is now a Roman province, and Judaea is under king Herod the Great

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  • Egypt

    Egypt

    Egyptian independence has come to an end with the death of its famous queen, Cleopatra

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  • Greece and the Balkans

    Greece and the Balkans

    The Greek city-states and kingdoms have fallen under the power of Rome

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  • Italy

    Italy

    The free inhabitants of Italy all now enjoy full Roman citizenship, and provide Rome with the bulk of its soldiers and officials

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  • France

    France

    The whole of the area of modern France has been conquerd by the Romans

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  • Spain and Portugal

    Spain and Portugal

    Roman armies have slowly conquered most of Spain

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  • Britain

    Britain

    The peoples of the British Isles have made their first appearance in written history with Julius Caesars's invasions of 55 and 54 BC

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  • Central Europe

    Central Europe

    Major population movements are occuring in this region

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  • Africa

    Africa

    North Africa has all fallen under Roman rule, while in central Africa the Bantu expansion continues

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  • North Africa

    North Africa

    North Africa has now largely fallen under the power of Rome

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Ancient Rome 200AD

Ancient Rome
200AD

The Roman Empire has continued to flourish and expand over the past two century. A brief civil war followed the death of the emperor Nero in 68, but stability was quickly restored. For most of the past century the Roman world has been ruled by a succession of able rulers such as Trajan, Hadrian and Marcus Aurelius. The reign of the dreadful Commodus was followed by a civil war in 193-6; but peace and stability have again returned under the victor, the Emperor Septimius Severus.

The empire is divided into many provinces, each under the authority of a governor. The ancient cities – together with hundreds of new cities founded by the Romans – retain much of their autonomy, however. Millions of the empire’s inhabitants now enjoy the rights of Roman citizenship, with full access to the famed Roman legal system.

 

For more information about The Roman Empire see our Interactive History Maps on The Rise of The Roman Empire and The Fall of the Roman Empire.


« Ancient Rome 30BC | Ancient Rome 500AD »
 
  • Middle East

    Middle East

    One small part of the region, Judaea, has given birth to the new religion of Christianity, but has also seen the dispersal of the Jewish people from their homeland

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  • Syria

    Syria

    The Jews have been exiled from their homeland after two great revolts against Rome

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  • Egypt

    Egypt

    Egypt is a province of the Roman empire

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  • Anatolia

    Anatolia

    The cities of Asia Minor have prospered under the peace which Roman rule has brought

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  • Greece and the Balkans

    Greece and the Balkans

    The Greek cities are in decline, though their glorious past is still revered

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  • Italy

    Italy

    Italy holds a privileged position within the Roman empire

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  • France

    France

    Roman civilization has become deeply entrenched throughout the area of modern France

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  • Spain and Portugal

    Spain and Portugal

    Spain and Portugal have become thoroughly Romanized after centuries of Roman rule

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  • Britain

    Britain

    A Roman province now covers the southern half of the British Isles

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  • Central Europe

    Central Europe

    Central Europe is dominated by German and Sarmatian tribes

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  • Africa

    Africa .

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  • North Africa

    North Africa

    North Africa is one of the most prosperous and Romanized parts of the Roman empire

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Ancient Rome 500AD

Ancient Rome
500AD

In the third century AD the Roman empire came under great pressure from neighbouring peoples along all her frontiers. Soon, barbarian invasions were penetrating deep into Roman territory, and in the middle of that century the empire came very near to breaking up before a succession of very able soldier-emperors retrieved the situation. In the fourth century the emperor Constantine converted to Christianity, which shortly became the official religion of the empire. He also founded a new city, called Constantinople, to act as the joint capital of the empire.

In 410 a barbarian army sacked the city of Rome – a huge shock to the entire Roman world. Within a few decades the Roman empire had disappeared in the west; its place taken by a group of barbarian kingdoms. In the eastern Mediterranean the Roman empire is still very much a going concern, wealthy, civilized and stable.

 

For more information about The Roman Empire see our Interactive History Maps on The Rise of The Roman Empire and The Fall of the Roman Empire.


« Ancient Rome 200AD
 
  • Middle East

    Middle East

    The Middle East is divided between the Eastern Roman empire and the Persian empire

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  • Anatolia

    Anatolia

    The cities of Asia Minor remain prosperous centres of classical civilization

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  • Syria

    Syria

    Syria and Palestine, provinces of the Eastern Roman Empire

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  • Europe

    Europe

    The western Roman empire has fallen to German invaders, but the eastern Roman empire remains intact

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  • Greece and the Balkans

    Greece and the Balkans

    The Balkans have been lost to Byzantine rule, and Slavs and Bulgars have settled the region.

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  • Central Europe

    Central Europe

    The rise and fall of the Huns has had a huge impact on this region

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  • Africa

    Africa

    A powerful new kingdom is arising in Ethiopia, while in West Africa trade routes across the Sahara are developing

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200BC
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